Pain
The threshold of pain for normal ears is approximately 120-140 dBA. Noise at this volume and higher causes the eardrum to stretch, thus causing pain. If the tissues in the middle ear or eardrum are inflamed, sounds of moderate intensity can also be painful.
Another type of aural discomfort occurs as a result of abnormal function in the cochlea. This condition, called auditory recruitment, creates an abnormal increase in loudness perception. Persons who have this condition can find sound levels of only moderate intensity to be quite uncomfortable
Tinnitus
Tinnitus, or ringing of the ears, usually accompanies hearing loss. The ringing can be a soft background noise, or a loud overbearing noise that drowns out all other sounds. Tinnitus can be caused when loud noises damage the sensory hairs within the cochlea. The damage to the hairs can cause them to relay false data. Hearing loss occurs when the hairs relay little or no data. The false data is translated by the brain as a ringing, buzzing or pulsing sound.
Stress
The Franklin Institute Online has a list of different ways noise contributes to stress. In the wild, loud noises serve as a warning sign. They can indicate that there is a predator near by or that you are in danger of falling rocks, or a falling tree. This invokes a stress response in animals as well as in humans. As noise levels of normal every day life increase, so does the natural level of stress. This increase of noise related stress can effect the ability to learn, blood pressure, the immune system, and can contribute to the growth of ulcers. For people with Long QT Syndrome (a heart disease concerning the hearts electrical system), loud, sudden noises can cause death.
Problems with balance
Along with the cochlea, the inner ear includes the vestibular apparatus, the organ of balance. Under noisy conditions, complaints of nystagmus (rapid involuntary side-to-side eye movements), vertigo (dizziness), and balance problems have been reported.
General health problems
Noise is considered to be a contributor to adverse health influences. Numerous conditions have been attributed to noise exposure, such as: nausea, headaches, insomnia, loss of appetite and other ailments.